Sowing the Seeds of Conception: Can Gut Health Affect Fertility?

You’ve gone to obstetrics and endocrine specialists to learn why you can’t get pregnant. Perhaps you’ve also completed several rounds of in-vitro fertilization to no avail. These attempts may leave you questioning, “Can gut health affect fertility?” If you’ve struggled with gastrointestinal problems or are regularly sick, your gut health may be the culprit. This is because when the bacteria in your belly are unbalanced, it could lead to several health issues and diseases, including infertility.  But is a supplement all it takes to conceive, and what can you do to improve your gut health? This guide will explain how an unhealthy gut may negatively affect fertility and ways to improve your gastrointestinal health. How Does the Gut Microbiome Affect Your Health? The gut microbiome is one of the most critical indicators of healthiness. Some regard it as an ecosystem of trillions of beneficial microscopic organisms — viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites — within your intestinal tract.  These microorganisms in the gut protect the body from harmful pathogens and boost your immunity. A diverse microbiome also helps you digest food and prevent chronic conditions. Of course, an unhealthy gut often leads to significant bodily troubles, like irritable bowel syndrome, skin disorders, inflammation, mental health issues, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The living microorganisms — also called microbiota — contribute 150 times more genetic information than the entire human genome. When they are unbalanced, many people experience bloating, diarrhea, fatigue and constipation.  The Gut-Fertility Connection: Can Gut Health Affect Fertility? If you’re struggling with infertility, you’re not alone. The World Health Organization says infertility affects one in six adults worldwide — 17.5% of the global population. The condition is marked by the inability to fall pregnant after trying for 12 months. Despite its prevalence, treatments are vastly underfunded and inaccessible due to their costliness. But what if you make changes to your lifestyle and diet? Can gut health affect fertility? As the gut impacts so many different parts of the body, it makes sense for a healthy gut microbiome to also aid conception. Various studies have shown how gut health affects fertility, especially in people who do not receive adequate nutrients. For example, people living in Japan eat far less fiber than the recommended 24 grams daily. At the same time, some have suggested that unhealthy gut microbiota may cause some to develop polycystic ovarian syndrome — the leading cause of infertility among women.  The gut microbiota affects and is affected by estrogen metabolism in the body. Lower estrogen may lead to obesity, metabolic syndrome, heart disease and neurological disorders. Conversely, too much estrogen is a precursor for endometriosis and cancer, such as breast, ovarian, endometrial and cervical.  All of these female reproductive and endocrine disorders are why women need to regulate their sex hormones. Avoiding a high-fat diet — which may introduce carcinogens and influence gut microbiota — can decrease the risk of these diseases in women. Ways to Support Gut Health for Fertility Infertility is enough to rock anybody’s world who is trying to start a family. Often, the desire for children amid this condition leaves you with emotional and financial hardship. Although it may not be a solution for everyone, promoting gut health could boost your chances of conception — if anything, it can increase your overall health. Here are three ways to improve your gut health for optimal fertility.  Dietary Changes A probiotic-rich diet is a cornerstone of gut health. As such, incorporating gut-friendly ingredients into your meals is essential. Fermented foods are the best natural sources of probiotics, such as yogurt, sauerkraut, sourdough, kimchi, pickles, miso and kombucha. Some people also eat tempeh and kefir.  Depending on the type of yogurt you eat, it could contain 90-500 billion colony-forming units (CFUs) per serving — the amount of live bacteria in any given product. Many people prefer to eat yogurt for gut health since they can have it for breakfast or a healthy snack during the day. Otherwise, adding more fiber to your diet, eating colorful fruits and vegetables, and limiting processed foods benefit more diverse microbiota. Just be mindful of pickled goods, though, as some might be higher in sodium. The salt in these foods, such as pickles themselves, could cause more bloating and inflammation.  Probiotic Supplements You can always take probiotic supplements if you struggle to eat enough probiotics in your diet or don’t enjoy fermented foods. Gut health supplements aim to rebuild diverse microbiota in the gut microbiome.  The brand you choose may offer different CFUs and probiotic strains. For example, OLLY Probiotic + Probiotic With Fiber contains 500 billion CFUs in each capsule, while Physician’s Choice Organic Prebiotics has 60 billion CFUs — however, the latter includes 10 strains.  Some probiotic supplements target specific gut health problems, such as cognition or digestion. Naturally, you can find supplements to boost fertility. AGNOSITOL Prebiotics by Apotheke includes Lactobacillus crispatus and Gasseri Pink strains for vaginal health and hormonal balance for fertility. Likewise, Pink Stork Prenatal Probiotics for Women comes with vitamin B-6 to combat morning sickness and low energy once you get pregnant. Stress Management Not many people understand how mental health can affect gut health and vice versa. However, when you are under extreme or chronic stress, it can be harder to conceive. The human body goes through changes during the fight-or-flight response, activating gastrointestinal symptoms.  There are many strategies you can try to manage your stress levels better. For example, exercising regularly produces endorphins — the happiness hormone. Meditation and yoga are other ways to relax your mind and body. Growing awareness of your feelings can also provide insight into when you should show yourself grace and self-care.  Baby Bliss With a Healthier Gut Your gut microbiome impacts every part of your body and well-being. Since the science says gut health affects fertility, you should focus on improving what you can. There are no guarantees you’ll become pregnant by increasing your probiotics for diversified microbiota. Still, you may very well be able to start the family of your dreams and maintain good health simultaneously. 

Pregnancy is an exciting moment from the first time you find out. The news can fill you with anticipation and make you feel over the moon with this new life growing inside you. Yet, this joy can also come with anxiety as you prepare for how to take care of yourself and your little one. Every trimester is critical, but moms-to-be must start their journey right for a healthy pregnancy. The good thing is that there are plenty of health tips for early pregnancy. Each can help you take the steps to create a holistic balance of health and happiness for two. 1. Eat a Balanced Diet In early pregnancy, one health tip to keep in mind is having a balanced diet. Women must ensure they get sufficient nutrients, as these support their health and the baby’s development. Nutrients — such as folic acid, iron and calcium — are especially critical during this time. They contribute to producing healthy blood cells and growing bones and teeth. A balanced diet should include various nutrient-rich foods. Fruits and vegetables provide vitamins, minerals and fiber — meanwhile, proteins like chicken and fish supply essential amino acids for tissue growth. Additionally, whole grains and dairy products offer complex carbohydrates, calcium and other vital nutrients that promote a healthy pregnancy. It’s also essential to avoid certain foods during pregnancy, as they can harbor harmful bacteria and negative substances, including: Raw or undercooked meats Fish high in mercury Unpasteurized dairy products 2. Stay Hydrated Hydration is a key element in early pregnancy. Adequate fluid intake regulates bodily functions and supports the formation of amniotic fluid. Dehydration can lead to issues such as headaches, dizziness and preterm labor, making it crucial for moms-to-be to stay hydrated. Prenatal nutritionist Ryann Kipping advises that “all types of fluids and high-water foods count towards hydration goals.” This includes water, herbal teas, fruit juices and snacks like cucumbers, watermelons and oranges. These goods and liquids supplement daily water intake, making it easier for pregnant women to meet their hydration needs while providing essential vitamins and minerals. Experts recommend that pregnant women aim to drink at least 2700 mL of fluids daily. However, individual needs vary based on activity level and climate.  3. Avoid Harmful Substances Alcohol, tobacco and certain medications can be harmful to your baby by causing developmental issues and other complications. In particular, alcohol consumption can increase the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, which lead to physical and cognitive impairments in children. Research indicates that many pregnant women stop or reduce alcohol consumption upon realizing their pregnancy. However, studies have also found that up to 60% of women continue drinking even when they know they’re pregnant. Therefore, expectant mothers need to take care and be aware of the consequences of consuming drugs and alcohol. 4. Keep Prenatal Checkups Regular Regular prenatal doctor visits are necessary to ensure everything is going fine. These appointments allow health care professionals to monitor progress and identify potential issues early. When you attend appointments, your OB/GYN will check vital signs, conduct blood tests and perform ultrasounds. Each of these is vital to assess fetal growth and detect abnormalities. Moreover, prenatal checkups allow you to discuss concerns, ask questions and receive tailored medical advice. The guidance you receive can range from managing morning sickness to eating a wholesome diet. As such, regular appointments ensure your pregnancy journey is smooth, providing you and the baby with comprehensive care. 5. Exercise Safely Exercising in early pregnancy is excellent for supporting a healthy pregnancy. It can improve circulation, maintain muscle tone and boost your mood. Although exercise is crucial, choosing workouts that are safe for your changing body is also essential.  Safe exercises for prenatal women: Walking: A low-impact option that gets your blood flowing and maintains heart health. Prenatal yoga: Enhance flexibility, balance and relaxation while teaching yourself useful breathing techniques during labor. Swimming: This activity is effective for staying fit without straining your body. Strength training: Use light weights or resistance bands in proper form and moderate intensity. Exercises to avoid: High-impact activities: Running, jumping and aerobics may put too much strain on your joints and increase the risk of injury. Contact sports: Soccer, basketball and football increase your risk of falling or abdominal trauma. It’s best to avoid rough sports to prevent harm to your baby. Hot yoga: The high temperatures associated with hot yoga or any activities raise core body temperature excessively, putting your baby at risk. 6. Manage Stress Stress is a normal part of pregnancy. With so many changes happening to you and your surroundings, you will feel anxious and worried. This especially occurs when you’re experiencing certain symptoms and pregnancy-related discomforts like morning sickness and headaches.  However, chronic stress can occur, which can lead to depression and anxiety disorders, low birth weight and preterm labor. If you feel anxious more often than usual, consider some management techniques. Effective strategies to manage stress during early pregnancy include: Mindfulness and meditation: This practice helps you to calm your mind significantly. Consider techniques such as deep breathing, muscle relaxation and guided meditation to bring more tranquility into your life. Social support: Connecting with friends and family can alleviate feelings of isolation and provide emotional relief. Share your experiences with others who understand so they can offer more comfort. Listen to music: Music therapy has been shown to reduce anxiety by providing emotional relief. Create playlists with soothing or uplifting tunes for when you’re feeling stressed. You could also listen to calming sounds like nature tracks to ease tension and promote relaxation. 7. Get Enough Sleep Your body is working tremendously to grow a new life. Therefore, you may find yourself sleeping for hours at a time. This is good because sleep regulates your body’s restoration processes, allowing for proper growth and development. It also maintains regular hormone levels, which is key to maintaining a balanced mood and managing stress.  When you lack sleep, you’ll feel more moody and succumb to anxiety and potential health complications. So, one health tip to follow in early pregnancy is getting quality rest. If you have sleep issues, combat them by creating a comfortable place to lie down. Ensure your bedroom is dark and is just the right temperature. Supportive pillows are also a life-saver for alleviating physical discomfort. Incorporating Life-Changing Health Tips During Early Pregnancy While pregnancy brings joy to many, it can also be challenging. Remember to prioritize various health tips during early pregnancy, as they’re vital to your health and your baby’s development. Following these steps creates a strong foundation for a healthy pregnancy and guarantees a positive experience for you and your child.

Whether you’re planning to get pregnant or are already expecting a baby, you’ve probably heard of postpartum preeclampsia. For a rare condition, it’s widely discussed among doctors and expecting mothers because of its potentially life-threatening effects. Keep an eye out for these 11 warning signs you should never avoid and discover how to reduce your chances of getting this condition. What is Postpartum Preeclampsia? Postpartum preeclampsia is a condition that can happen during the pregnancy postpartum period. It’s a rare but serious condition that manifests as high blood pressure after childbirth. It usually happens within 48 hours of delivery but can occur six weeks after giving birth or late in pregnancy. Severe conditions may lead to seizure, stroke and other issues if not promptly treated.  The incidence of this condition is estimated to be around 0.3% to 2.75%, yet the exact number remains unknown since most patients present to the emergency department for care. Knowing the signs and symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia is essential to ensure you and your baby stay healthy. What Are the Warning Signs? Most mothers are unaware they have the condition until they see their doctor. Usual signs and symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia include: High blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher Dizziness Nausea and vomiting Gaining two to five pounds weekly Visions like flashing lights and floaters Severe headaches Pain in the upper right side of the abdomen Urinating less or not at all Shortness of breath Swelling of face, feet, hands or limbs High levels of protein in urine Several factors can also contribute to the development of this condition, including: Hormonal fluctuations: Rapid shifts in hormone levels can affect blood pressure regulation, potentially resulting in hypertension. Gestational hypertension: Women, especially those who are older individuals with a history of this type of condition, are at increased risk of having postpartum preeclampsia. Remember that some symptoms usually occur during pregnancy, which is why it’s essential to have regular check-ups with your physician to rule out any possibilities of preeclampsia. What Does a Postpartum Preeclampsia Headache Feel Like? It’s normal to experience headaches, such as migraines and tension headaches, after giving birth. However, sometimes, it can be a warning sign of preeclampsia if you experience throbbing headaches and have visions of floaters and flashing lights within 48 of giving birth. This may be a rare occurrence, but its severity calls for an immediate emergency when this type of headache happens. Postpartum preeclampsia headache is something that doesn’t get better with over-the-counter pain medication quickie. If you or a loved one is experiencing any combination of the listed symptoms, going to the emergency room is necessary. What Makes It a Serious Condition? Childbirth should be an exciting journey for mothers. For nine months, they’ve finally waited for the moment to hold their babies in their arms. However, this can be a challenging time for women who have postpartum preeclampsia. According to Sonia Tolani, MD via ColumbiaDoctors, “It is essential for women to speak to their physicians if they have symptoms during the start of the postpartum period as ignoring symptoms can lead to severe consequences.” When not timely treated, it can possibly lead to: Kidney issues: Persistent high blood pressure can affect kidney blood vessels, potentially leading to kidney disease. Stroke: There’s an increased risk of stroke when high blood pressure reaches the blood vessels in the brain. Eye problems: Hypertension can damage the retina and other eye structures, potentially leading to unclear vision or loss of vision. Metabolic Diseases: High cholesterol levels, high blood sugar and obesity are all associated with high blood pressure. Diabetes can also damage the arteries in the kidneys, which may lead to kidney failure. Implications for organs: Hypertension may disrupt blood flow to the heart, lungs and other organs. How to Lower Your Preeclampsia Risk While there’s no definitive way to prevent preeclampsia, you can take some preventive measures to help manage your risk. Here are some ways to keep you and your baby healthy: 1. Visit Your Doctor Regularly If your physician suspects you’re at high risk for postpartum preeclampsia, they may prescribe medication to lower your blood pressure. Magnesium sulfate is sometimes also prescribed for women who have severe signs and symptoms. Your physician will check your blood pressure, urine protein levels and baby’s growth throughout your pregnancy. If you had hypertension before you were pregnant, make sure to tell your doctor. Your doctor may also recommend taking aspirin or calcium to help ease your blood pressure. They may also make certain adjustments to your diet, removing foods that are high in salt or added sugars, such as soda and caffeinated drinks, which can trigger hypertension. 2. List Your Symptoms Avoid ignoring the signs, especially if they happen more frequently. Include detailed descriptions and any other questionable symptoms you may have. Postpartum depression, sleep deprivation and lack of knowledge of typical postpartum experiences may contribute to more easily missing indicators of preeclampsia. Remember to take prompt action if you experience them. 3. Eat Yogurt Research shows that eating probiotic-rich sources like yogurt can reduce postpartum preeclampsia risk by lowering blood pressure. It can also help strengthen the mother's bones and reduce the risk of rickets in the baby, in which bones become weak and porous. 4. Shed Excess Weight Postpartum preeclampsia is more common among overweight mothers. To lower the risk of this condition, lose as much weight as possible before pregnancy. Exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet to achieve a healthy weight. While it’s expected to gain some excess pounds during pregnancy, ensure that it’s not caused by eating too many sugary and salty foods. 5. Take Necessary Supplements Studies show that eating food bars with antioxidant vitamins and L-arginine can decrease the risk of preeclampsia in high-risk women. It’s essential to discuss any dietary changes with your doctor before trying out new foods to your diet. Stay Healthy Before and After Pregnancy For mothers, safe delivery is a top priority. However, a severe condition like postpartum preeclampsia can suddenly get in the way of your motherhood journey. It’s never easy to face something as rare yet potentially life-threatening as this, but always remember there are ways to decrease the risk of having it.

Pregnancy is a roller coaster of changes, not just in your body but also in your brain. Hello, brain fog, goodbye, memory! Yet, one of the most common and challenging changes many expectant mothers face is migraines. These headaches can be so intense that the thought of a natural birth seems like a stroll in the park.  Migraines during pregnancy can be a real pain, often bringing along uninvited guests like nausea, light and sound sensitivity and vision loss. Despite the joy of expecting, these severe headaches won’t give you a break. In fact, they’re so common that 82.2% of participating pregnant women in a study had a migraine without aura. This means there were no warning signs to show them when their migraine attack was going to start. With the amount of women who experience migraines during pregnancy, what’s an expecting mother to do when facing such a throbbing dilemma? To provide some migraine relief when pregnant, you have several safe treatments that will help you tackle the severe pain. 1. Stay Hydrated Hydration plays an essential part in battling migraines but is also a critical element in your regular pregnancy care. Pregnancy itself is a bit of a hydration thief. The body requires extra fluids to support the growing baby.  Factors — like increased blood pressure and morning sickness — can deplete your water reserves faster than the desert sun. Additionally, dehydration and higher blood pressure can occur when you consume higher sodium levels through food. It can be a sneaky trigger for migraines, making it crucial to keep the water flowing in your body. As a mom-to-be, you can keep your hydration levels on track by carrying a large water bottle everywhere. Some water bottles indicate how much water you should drink by a certain timeframe. For example, if you drink a certain amount of water by noon, you’ll know how much water you’ve had and whether you’re on track. Another trick is to set reminders on your phone. If you’re forgetful of drinking water like many others, consider setting up alerts to remind you to take a sip.  4. Have a Cup of Coffee or Tea Many women opt to ditch caffeine entirely when they become pregnant for fear it may harm their baby. This stems from concerns over caffeine’s potential effects on fetal development.  Studies show that too much caffeine intake can result in lower birth weight and impact their brain’s development. However, completely turning the caffeine tap off can shock your system, especially if you’re used to your daily coffee ritual. Despite the potential effects, medical experts agree that women can safely consume 200 Mg of caffeine, which provides migraine relief when pregnant.  With the limited caffeine intake, you can satisfy your coffee or tea cravings and keep those pesky migraines at bay. This will give you a gentle reprieve without compromising your pregnancy’s health. 5. Take a Magnesium Supplement You may have heard of PPD (postpartum depression), where women experience depression at least one year into having their baby. Yet, did you know women are also at risk for mental illness during pregnancy? In fact, perinatal depression affects up to one in seven women and can occur alongside anxiety and sleep deprivation. Whether you’re dealing with depression, anxiety or insomnia, all three symptoms often intertwine with the discomfort of migraines.  These mental health challenges are triggers for migraines, creating a vicious cycle of stress and pain. However, magnesium can be the perfect solution for migraine relief when pregnant. This revitalizing mineral has a calming effect on the nervous system that reduces mental illnesses and migraine attacks.  Consider talking with your doctor about taking magnesium supplements or integrating magnesium-rich foods into your diet. These can be leafy greens, nuts, seeds and whole grains, reducing the severity of a migraine's onset. 4. Use Hot or Cold Compresses Hot or cold compresses can provide quick migraine relief when pregnant while also promoting good self-care. Whether you lean toward the soothing warmth of a hot compress or the numbing chill of a cold one, both can be powerful allies against migraine headaches. For cold therapy, wrap a few ice cubes in a soft towel or use a gel ice pack and apply it to your forehead, temples, or the back of your neck. The cold can reduce inflammation and numb pain. On the flip side, a warm compress applied to the same areas can relax tense muscles and improve blood flow to ease the headache. To ensure you’re gaining migraine relief, implement the following steps for using compresses: Choose your compress of choice, whether it’s hot or cold. Wrap the compress in a soft cloth to protect your skin. Apply the compress to the affected area for a few minutes. Take a break after some time before reapplying if needed. Consider experimenting with both temperatures to find what best soothes your migraine pain, and always listen to your body’s response. 5. Lay Down in a Dark Room Staying in a dark, comfortable room can be a sanctuary for those battling migraine pain. This simple yet effective strategy works wonders for several reasons. For one, migraines often make you sensitive to light and sound. By retreating to a dark, quiet room, you minimize exposure to these aggravating stimuli, allowing your brain to rest and recover. To maximize the benefits of this, make the room as comfortable as possible. Use blackout curtains to eliminate light, and consider using noise-canceling headphones or white noise machines to block out sound.  Comfortable bedding and a supportive pillow can also help you achieve a position that reduces head and neck strain, further easing migraine pain. Plus, this method promotes deeper, restorative sleep, which is crucial for migraine recovery. 6. Lower Your Stress Levels Oftentimes, stress levels spike during pregnancy, thanks to hormonal fluctuations, physical changes and the emotions that accompany the preparation of your new arrival. Since stress is a well-known trigger for migraines, managing it becomes crucial for expecting mothers. One effective way to lower stress is through mindfulness and meditation. These practices encourage living in the moment and reduce anxiety by focusing on breath and body sensations. Just a few minutes a day can greatly decrease stress, making migraines less likely. 7. Reduce Screen Time Society lives in a digital age where screens are integral to daily life. Staring at a computer or scrolling through your smartphone for extended periods isn’t the best idea because it can contribute to eye strain. When eye strain occurs, you often experience dry eyes, blurred vision and headaches. For pregnant women already prone to migraines, the added strain on the eyes from excessive screen use can increase the frequency and severity of these headaches. To limit screen time, try to be consciously aware of when you’re using your devices. Being mindful of screen use limits eye strain, thus preventing migraines from occurring in the first place. Getting the Migraine Relief You Need While Pregnant Pregnancy alone comes with its own set of challenges. Yet, when you add migraines into the mix, it can make for an uncomfortable pregnancy. However, implementing all the suggested methods can help you manage stress and mitigate migraine pain. Your well-being matters greatly for you and your baby, so stay hopeful and use migraine relief strategies throughout your pregnancy.

You are sitting on the bathroom floor for what feels like an eternity. But in all reality, it is just the longest three to five minutes of your life. The timer is up, and you reach the bathroom counter. When you look down, all you see are unfamiliar lines and symbols, and you do not know what the result of your pregnancy test is.  Pregnancy tests come in different styles, each one different from the next. Taking one of these tests can bring a whirlwind of emotions. The last thing you need to worry about is understanding how to read your results. Pregnancy Test Basics After a few days of not feeling yourself and Googling pregnancy symptoms, you now decide to take a test. Regardless of the outcome you are wishing for, it is still a nerve-racking moment that can make you blank on your next steps. The best thing you can do is understand where to buy a test, how to take it and how to read your results. Pregnancy tests are available at any local pharmacy and are over the counter. Usually, these tests come in a pack of one or two in case you want to take multiple. Prices may vary depending on brand and easy-to-read results.  At-home pregnancy tests determine if you are pregnant by detecting the hormone human gonadotropin (hCG) in your urine. HCG starts to produce six days after fertilization of your egg but is hard to detect by an at-home pregnancy test until right before your missed period.  Every home pregnancy test is different. However, most tests require urine on the testing strip to get an accurate read. Once that is complete, you must wait the time necessary to get an accurate result.  How to Take An At-Home Pregnancy Test Whether you have taken a pregnancy test at home before, it is vital to read the directions carefully to ensure your results are accurate. There are three methods for taking an at-home pregnancy test to allow you to be as comfortable as possible while getting the right results. The ways to take a pregnancy test include: Peeing in a cup and immediately dipping the test strip in the urine.  Peeing in a cup and taking a dropper to place your urine sample on the test strip.  Placing the pregnancy test strip directly into your urine stream.  The type of pregnancy test you purchase will depend on the method you use. It is essential to reference your at-home pregnancy test directions to determine the proper method to get the most accurate result. Types of At-Home Pregnancy Tests Home pregnancy tests all require a urine sample to measure hCG. However, there are three types of pregnancy formats to retain your urine sample. These formats include: Strips Cassettes Midstream test sticks Pregnancy test strips and cassettes are not compatible with entering a direct urine stream. Test strips lack a casing, requiring women to dip the strip in a cup of urine. Cassettes require a small urine sample to get an accurate result, typically by taking several drops of urine from a sample and dropping them directly into the cassette.  Midstream sticks are the most popular home pregnancy test and can enter the direct urine stream, or women can dip the stick into a cup. With this format, the test stick requires a certain amount of urine, making it hard to achieve the best result with several urine drops.  It is important to note that no one at-home pregnancy test is more accurate than another. Picking the format of your at-home test is up to personal preference and price point. Reading a Pregnancy Test Pregnancy tests display their results differently depending on your chosen brand and format. Knowing how to read a pregnancy test, regardless of format, is essential.  Strip Pregnancy Test Results When taking a strip pregnancy test, there are three lines present, including: Control line Test line Maximum line The maximum line is displayed on the strip constantly and signals that the urine should not exceed the line to prevent an invalid result.  After dipping the strip in the urine cup, the control line will appear after the time necessary to calculate your result. The absence of the control line means that the test is invalid. The test line will appear if your result is positive. A faint line also indicates that your result is positive, but you can take another test to be sure.  Cassette Pregnancy Test Results Similar to the strip tests, cassette pregnancy tests also include a control and test line. The control line will appear after the test is complete. The test line will be present if you are pregnant. Sometimes, one or both lines of your cassette test might be faint. That’s okay! Your result is not invalid as long as the control line is present. Midstream Pregnancy Test Results Midstream pregnancy tests are the most famous at-home pregnancy tests that have different result windows. Some tests include control and test lines that both cassette and strip pregnancy tests use. The control lines on the midstream tests are similar to a cassette pregnancy test with a control and test line.  Other midstream tests have easy-to-read results with a control and result window. Like the other control lines, a control line still indicates that your results are valid. However, the result window may display a different symbol or word to indicate you are pregnant.  Certain brands include the use of a plus or minus symbol, “yes” or “no” and “pregnant” or “not pregnant” to indicate your results. The plus and yes on a result window indicates you are pregnant, while the “pregnant” result means just that.  When to See Your Doctor Pregnancy tests can always be inaccurate, so even if your result is negative and you still feel like something is different, listen to what your body tells you! After taking an at-home pregnancy test, following up with your doctor for confirmation is vital.  What Now? Now that you have taken a pregnancy test, what happens next? That depends on your result. You will want to always follow up with your doctor to discuss your next steps.  Finding out you're pregnant can be an emotional moment. Take some stress away by understanding how to read a pregnancy test!

Recently there’s been a resurgence of interest in home births as an alternative to hospital deliveries. An at home birth, where a woman gives birth in the comfort of her own home with the assistance of a trained midwife or a qualified health care professional, offers a unique and intimate experience for expectant mothers.  The Benefits: Why Do Some People Opt For an At Home Birth? The decision to have a home birth is deeply personal, influenced by several factors reflecting an individual’s values, beliefs and preferences. While hospital births are a standard choice for many, a growing number of expectant parents are opting for the intimate and personal experience of giving birth at home.  In the United States, less than 1% of births occur at home, and 25% of these births are unplanned or unattended by a medical professional. Unplanned home births are associated with higher risks for the mother and baby compared to planned births. Here are some reasons why you may be considering a home birth: It’s Comfortable Home births provide a unique opportunity for mothers to labor and deliver in the comfort of their own space. The familiar surroundings can contribute to feelings of security and relaxation, which can positively impact the birthing experience  It’s Empowering Choosing a home birth often reflects a desire for increased control and autonomy over the birthing process. Some women feel empowered by actively participating in decision-making, choosing their birthing positions and creating a birthing environment that aligns with their values.  It’s Personalized A midwife is typically present at an at home birth, offering personalized and continuous care throughout the process. Building a trusting relationship with a midwife creates a connection, individualized support and attention that may be challenging to achieve in a hospital setting. There’s a Reduced Need for Medical Interventions For those seeking a more natural and unmedicated birthing experience, home births can be an attractive option. There's more emphasis on minimal medical interventions. This approach aligns with the belief that childbirth is a natural process, and the body is well-equipped to handle it without unnecessary interventions.  Due to the nature of studies regarding home births vs. hospital births, women are very reluctant to participate, so there’s limited data on the subject. However, a 2015 study in Oregon — the state with the highest number of at home births — found that medical interventions were less common at home than in a hospital.  There’s More Freedom Home births allow for greater freedom during labor, giving mothers the flexibility to adopt positions that are most comfortable for them. The ability to choose water births, use birthing balls or move around freely can enhance the birth experience and contribute to overall satisfaction.  Family Can Be Involved Home births often encourage family members to actively participate, including partners and children. Including family members can create a supportive and emotionally rich environment, creating a sense of unity and shared joy.  There’s a Reduced Risk of Infections Hospitals can be environments where the risk of infections is higher. Giving birth at home may reduce exposure to potential pathogens, providing a more controlled and hygienic environment. It Involves Cultural and Spiritual Beliefs Cultural or spiritual beliefs may play a significant role in the decision to give birth at home. Some women find that the home setting allows for the incorporation of cultural rituals, ceremonies or spiritual practices that hold deep meaning for the birthing family.  Lower Stress Levels Being in a familiar and comfortable setting can contribute to lower stress levels during labor. The absence of the hustle and bustle of a hospital environment can create a more calming atmosphere, promoting a positive and memorable birthing experience.  A Shorter Recovery Time The recovery period is typically six to eight weeks, but some women find the transition from birth to postpartum recovery is smoother at home. Additionally, being in a familiar and supportive environment can contribute to a quicker recovery and a more positive postpartum experience.  What Are the Risks? While home births can be a safe and satisfying option for low-risk pregnancies, it’s important to acknowledge the potential risks associated with delivering at home. You should make this decision after careful consideration and consultation with qualified health care professionals. Some of the potential risks include: Unforeseen Complications One of the main concerns with home births is the potential for unforeseen complications that may require urgent medical attention. While the majority of pregnancies progress smoothly — with many women only experiencing mild acid reflux — complications such as fetal distress, umbilical cord issues or maternal bleeding can arise suddenly and necessitate immediate intervention. Complications occur in approximately 8% of pregnancies and can be harmful if they’re left untreated.  Emergency Situations In the event of a medical emergency, like a sudden change in the mother’s or baby’s condition, there may be a delay in accessing emergency medical care. A quick emergency response is critical for ensuring the well-being of the mother and the baby.  Postpartum Hemorrhage Postpartum hemorrhage — excessive bleeding after childbirth — is a potential risk during any birth. While midwives are trained to manage this, the immediate availability of medical resources in a hospital setting can be crucial in severe cases. This condition is very rare but without medical intervention can be life-threatening.  Neonatal Resuscitation  Some babies require resuscitation immediately after birth due to various reasons, including breathing difficulties. While midwives are equipped to handle these situations, it's beneficial to have specialized equipment and expertise available. Transportation Delays In an emergency, the time it takes to transport the mother to a hospital could be a critical factor. Factors like distance to the hospital, weather conditions or traffic may impact how quickly one can access medical care. Limited Access to Pain Relief Lastly, home births may limit access to certain pain relief options available in hospitals, such as epidurals. While there are natural pain relief options, some may find labor challenging without additional pain management. Things to Consider While the idea of a home birth offers several benefits, it’s vital to weigh the potential risks and make informed decisions aligning with your preferences and circumstances. Risk assessment: While home births can be a safe option for low-risk pregnancies, it’s crucial to assess and manage potential risks. A qualified health care provider should conduct through prenatal screenings to ensure the mother and baby are suitable candidates for a home birth.  Emergency preparedness: Adequate planning for emergencies is essential in home births. A skilled midwife is prepared to handle complications. Additionally, they can make the decision to transfer the mother to a hospital if necessary. Postpartum support: Comprehensive postpartum care is essential. This care includes monitoring the health of the mother and baby, providing breastfeeding support and addressing any potential complications.  Is It the Right Choice? Home births offer an alternative approach to childbirth prioritizing the natural process and emotional well-being of the mother. However, multiple risks and considerations mean this option may not be suitable for every woman or every situation. It’s essential to communicate openly with health care providers to ensure a safe and satisfying home birth experience.

People spend a great deal of their pregnancies preparing to give birth. It’s a significant medical event and the memory you’ll tell your child when they want to hear how they came into the world. Give yourself some peace of mind by learning how to prepare for labor, no matter what you have in mind. You’ll feel more prepared and at ease when the time comes. 1. Sign Up for a Birthing Class You can imagine giving birth all you want, but nothing compares to hearing about it from expert sources. See if there are any local birthing classes you could take by yourself, with a partner or with a friend. An instructor will guide the room through each step of a stereotypical birthing experience. You’ll learn the various stages of labor, including your water breaking and contraction cycles. Everyone studies things like pain reduction techniques, birthing positions and even tips on how to care for a newborn baby. They’re worth the time if you can find one close to home before your due date. 2. Discuss Details With Your Birthing Partner You likely want someone by your side when you’re giving birth. Whether they’re your romantic partner, best friend or family member, your birthing partner will need to know how to support you. You might be in too much pain to give specific instructions, so discuss the details before your water breaks. They should know where to access your birthing playlist if you make one or use your favorite insulated mug to hold ice chips. Reviewing tiny details like these by making a list might seem strange at first, but it’s a great way to prepare for labor and keep your birthing partner updated. 3. Connect With Your Doctor Your OB-GYN will help you throughout your pregnancy, but they don’t typically leave time to create a birthing plan with their patients. Bring your list of wants and needs to your next appointment to review it together. They should know what you do and don’t want to experience. You might not prefer to be part of the 32.1% of people who give birth by undergoing a Cesarean section (C-section). Some expecting parents prefer all-natural pain relief options, epidurals or specific positions to aid their comfort during contractions. Remember to write your birth plan down digitally and on paper so there are multiple copies. You wouldn’t want to lose the single copy before your due date arrives and have to recall it all from memory for your birthing team. 4. Eat Healthy Foods Nutrition is crucial during pregnancy, even up to the point of labor. Your body needs the strength and energy to undergo the birthing process. Your doctor will likely discuss prenatal vitamins you can take during each trimester but don’t forget to snack on healthy foods before your due date.  Whole foods and less processed ingredients could stabilize your blood pressure, which becomes a tricky issue for many pregnant people. Nutrients will also boost your immune system and energize your muscles for contractions. Consider enjoying things like individual packs of nuts or baggies of chickpeas to get more vitamins, proteins, minerals and natural fatty acids that help your body thrive. 5. Enjoy Gentle Cardio Exercise is another way to prepare for labor. Your muscles will be working overtime no matter how you give birth. Contractions require lots of strength and energy. Add some gentle cardio to your weekly routine so your body is ready when your water breaks. Walking on a treadmill, participating in gentle dance classes or getting on an elliptical machine are just a few ways to get your heart rate up without pushing yourself too hard. Your doctor can also recommend specific exercises as your pregnancy progresses. Your belly might get too big for some workouts as your second trimester turns into your third. 6. Find Relaxing Resources People can’t completely relax after they go into labor because the contractions intensify, but you can spend your pregnancy exploring the best ways to calm your anxiety. You’ll have more control over your thoughts so your energy stays focused on your body’s needs. Practice meditating along with YouTube videos to get used to controlling your thoughts. It’s an easy routine that only takes a few minutes but is entirely effective for stress and anxiety. You might also enjoy noise-canceling headphones before and during the early parts of your labor. The sounds of a hospital can increase a person’s baseline anxiety. If you wear headphones and listen to calming music, you can feel more comfortable as you wait for your cervix to dilate.  7. Get Your Hospital Bag Together When your water breaks, you never know what your mindset will be. You could be calm and ready to go or rushing around with excited, distracted thoughts. No matter how you react, getting in touch with your doctor or midwife will be much easier if you don’t have to worry about getting your go-bag together. Prepare a hospital stay bag with everything you need if you’ll give birth away from home. It would include essentials to keep you comfortable, such as: Bathroom toiletries A phone charger cord A bathrobe Comfortable postpartum clothes A fan, if you prefer sleeping with a fan As you get within a few weeks or days of your due date, you could also add pre-packaged snacks so you have a tasty treat to enjoy after meeting your baby. Your birthing partner can help brainstorm go-bag ideas if you feel lost. 8. Nest for Your Needs People think nesting is just preparing your home for your baby. Although that’s essential, nesting also involves getting your living space ready for your post-labor needs. Giving birth may be less stressful if you know you have everything you need to recover. Consider doing things like stocking up on non-perishable groceries, freezing casserole meals and keeping a few clean outfits ready in your closet to postpone your laundry routine when you’re closer to your due date. Getting extra household supplies like paper towels and refilling your prescriptions can also make life easier. Ask your loved ones to help stock up if you need assistance getting to different stores for your various nesting purchases. Learn How to Prepare for Labor Once you know how to prepare for labor, you can look forward to the most stress-free experience possible. You’ll know your mind, body and household are ready to meet your baby. As your due date gets closer, you can devote more energy to enjoying things like your baby shower and decorating your future child’s nursery. Updated on March 1, 2024

Pregnancy loss is much like a looming storm cloud — dark, dreary and full of despair. Yet, it's important to remember the sun will eventually shine again — hopefully, providing you with a precious rainbow baby.   Trying for another baby after losing one during pregnancy is not always the easiest decision to make. While your desire to become a parent will likely remain strong, you'll be flooded with complex emotions and heartache. Despite this, your rainbow baby will be something to look forward to and celebrate. Here's everything you need to know about a rainbow baby, the different emotions you might experience and how to nurture yourself to term.  What Is a Rainbow Baby? Those who have suffered baby loss have coined the term "rainbow baby" — a symbol of renewed hope and happiness after enduring unexpected trauma, loss and grief. It is similar to the idea of a rainbow appearing after a storm. According to the World Health Organization, 17.5% of adults have infertility — a condition in which it takes more than 12 months to conceive. Its widespread prevalence underscores the importance of accessible reproductive health care, even in developed countries like the United States. Receiving reproductive assistance with infertility puts you at a higher risk of having a miscarriage. About 10%-20% of pregnancies end in miscarriage before the twentieth week. Likewise, stillbirth — when the baby dies after Week 20 — and sudden infant death syndrome after the child is born are other ways parents wind up with their rainbow baby.  No matter the circumstances in which you lose your child — or at what stage of pregnancy — the sadness, shock, confusion and concern you’ll feel is universal among all expectant parents.  What to Expect During a Rainbow Pregnancy More often than not, women who've suffered a miscarriage will go on to have a successful pregnancy afterward. However, while you can safely try to conceive again after two to three menstrual cycles — or following doctor's orders for tests and treatments — you'll want to grieve your loss properly. Some providers even recommend waiting six months to a year to ensure you've given yourself enough time to process what's happened. Rainbow parents will feel a wide range of emotions after getting pregnant again. Some may feel excited, guilty — as though they're replacing what they lost — and relieved all at once. Others fear losing their baby a second time. You may also have difficulty connecting with your pregnancy until you receive confirmation from your doctor or are farther along. Of course, while any feelings are entirely normal and valid, unmanaged grief from reproductive loss could lead to depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, relational problems and substance abuse.  How to Nurture Yourself When Waiting for Your Rainbow  First and foremost, don't grieve alone. During a rainbow pregnancy, a health care provider or mental health counselor can help you work through your emotional pains. You can also speak to trusted friends, family, your partner or a religious counselor about what you're going through.  Many parents expecting a rainbow parent might feel comfort in speaking to other parents on the "rainbow" journey. It could be challenging for people on the outside to fully understand what you've been through unless they've actually walked in your shoes.  Developing a self-care routine should also be your top priority while waiting for your rainbow baby to arrive. Self-care is ultimately a way of showing yourself grace. You can nurture your mind, body and spirit using the following tips: Check in with your health care provider for reassurance your baby is healthy and growing. They can answer any question or concern you may have regarding your pregnancy.  Master a new skill — pregnancy is the best time to perfect your cooking technique or other skills for successful parenting. Decorate the nursery. With your little one on the way, you can build up your excitement by creating a beautiful, serene bedroom for your rainbow baby. Exercise to boost your endorphins for a more positive mindset during pregnancy. Physical activity — especially walking in nature or doing prenatal yoga — is not dangerous during pregnancy. However, you may want to speak with your health care provider before doing rigorous activities. Schedule a prenatal or chiropractic visit to loosen your muscles and joints and induce relaxation.  Eat a well-balanced, nutritious diet for a healthier body and baby.  Ensure you get enough rest and optimal sleep quality during pregnancy.  Create a relaxing spa environment with a warm bath. Some parents memorialize their lost child in a special way, honoring their memory while also preparing to welcome their rainbow baby. Planting a tree, getting a tattoo, creating a memory box with ultrasound pictures and condolence cards, or having a necklace made are all ideas worth considering. Most importantly, you should take things one day at a time. Repeat this mantra: Every day is a good day with bad moments sprinkled in. When grief creeps in and you start to feel down, remember the negative emotions are fleeting — positive things are coming your way.  Supporting Your Partner During a Rainbow Pregnancy Expectant mothers aren't the only ones who experience draining anguish, depression and anxiety during reproductive loss and a rainbow pregnancy. Your partner will also have just as many emotions to grapple with, including a sense of hopelessness and helplessness.  Communication is critical during difficult times. Even after joyously falling pregnant again and giving birth to a healthy baby, your partner may still have to work through their grief and psychological stress. Talk to your partner about the loss and the feelings you are both experiencing. Acknowledge how you felt during your miscarriage and how you feel about your rainbow baby. Although challenging to have, these discussions will make both of you feel less alone.  Likewise, demonstrating compassion and asking how you can best support them is helpful. Remember, you are in this together, navigating through the highs and lows as a team.  Celebrating the Rainbow After the Storm Few people can anticipate losing a baby during pregnancy. For those who do, it marks one of their life's most heartbreaking and troubling times. Fortunately, your rainbow baby represents sunnier days ahead. Take care of yourself and strengthen your bond with your partner to get yourself through to the other side. 

People often describe pregnancy as one of the most beautiful times in your life. While it may seem that way looking back on it, you’re probably not feeling too glamorous right now. Backaches, exhaustion and the constant need to use the restroom are likely already starting to get old, but one symptom is one of the most frustrating of them all. What is morning sickness and how can you manage it? How Typical Is Morning Sickness? As many as seven in 10 pregnancies will cause morning sickness, so it’s a practically universal experience. Hopefully, you’ll fall into the 30% that don’t experience it — you should know by the time you’re about six to eight weeks pregnant, which is when morning sickness is most likely to appear. It should wrap up by 16–20 weeks, but there’s always the chance it could last the whole 39 weeks. There’s also a rarer, more severe form of morning sickness called hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), which affects less than 11% of people. While the milder form of this symptom consists of nausea that sometimes leads to vomiting, HG will almost always cause vomiting will likely last until your pregnancy is over. What Is Morning Sickness? According to the American Pregnancy Association, morning sickness is when you feel nauseous during your first trimester. As scientists have recently discovered, the influx of hormones your body produces is often the culprit — specifically a protein called GDF15 within the placenta. It began as an evolutionary benefit that warned the brain of foods that could harbor infectious organisms, but now, it can make your favorite foods seem stomach-turning. However, they do note that many factors can lead to morning sickness. Even though “morning” is in the name, nausea could strike at any time of day. Doctors do believe it’s a sign that the placenta is developing healthily, so at least there’s one benefit, even if it drives you crazy. When Morning Sickness Becomes Hyperemesis Gravidarum As stated earlier, while morning sickness will cause nausea and occasional vomiting, HG will almost always lead to getting ill. It’s characterized by frequent enough vomiting that leads to extreme dehydration and weight loss of at least five percent of your pre-pregnancy weight. You may also experience ketonemia, ketonuria or abnormal electrolyte levels. The National Library of Medicine currently lists higher levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as the cause but notes that the data has yet to be consistent. Researchers also offer excess estrogen levels and gastroesophageal reflux disease as potential causes, but as is the case with hCG, more research is necessary. However, you’re more likely to develop it if someone else in your family had an HG diagnosis. How to Treat Morning Sickness at Home Feeling sick nearly every day can make your pregnancy a struggle. Luckily, many have come before you and discovered the following remedies to make your nausea easier to stomach. 1. Take Supplements While there are plenty of companies on the market that promise morning sickness relief, your doctor can help you find a supplement that’s safe for your body. Vitamin B6 is a common remedy, along with ginger tea, which you can make by slicing some of the root and steeping it in hot water. The longer you leave it, the stronger it’ll be, so remember to set a timer. 2. Avoid Trigger Foods The easiest way to dodge your morning sickness is to save your favorite but nausea-triggering foods until after the first trimester or you’ve given birth. One common trigger is fried and fatty foods — as yummy as they are, they stick around in your stomach for longer, which is a surefire way to make you feel sick. Warm meals can also be an issue if they have strong smells. According to TLC, other common triggers can include: Spicy foods Anything pungent, like garlic and onions Milk Coffee Citrus With milk, coffee and citrus, it can help to eat something before you consume them. 3. Keep Your Meals Small If you tend to feel sick after eating, try to eat frequent and smaller meals. Eating something large and nourishing does feel much more satisfying, but it could overwhelm your stomach. Bland snacks like crackers and pretzels can keep you full throughout the day without irritating your already sensitive digestive system. According to Ohio State University doctors, these foods can be your go-to easy meals: Popsicles Vegetables and chilled fruit Eggs Cereal Chicken Yogurt 4. Drink Ginger Ale or Ginger Beer If you don’t feel like making tea every time your morning sickness comes on, stock up on ginger beer or ale. Both contain gingerols and shogaols that have anti-inflammatory and nausea-fighting properties, making either beverage an excellent choice when your stomach starts turning. Even just the carbonation can help — you’d be surprised by how much a few big burps can do. Be cautious about which ginger ale you buy, though. The sugar and caffeine in some brands can make you feel even sicker, while others only contain ginger flavoring, so check the labels, and try to buy sugar- and caffeine-free versions. Ginger beers can have more ginger than ale, but again, it’s crucial to read the nutrition facts. Also, it’s often stronger than ginger ale, so you’ll either think it’s delicious if you love the taste or might find the soda form more palatable. 5. Get Plenty of Rest Unsurprisingly, pregnancy makes you pretty tired, so you may need to adjust your sleep schedule to avoid morning sickness. Give yourself enough time in the morning so you don’t have to rush out of bed and start with something simple, like cereal or fruit. You’d probably also benefit from going to bed earlier. When to See a Professional for Help You should see your pregnancy care professional for advice if none of these remedies help and your symptoms sound more like hyperemesis gravidarum. While frequent sickness isn’t necessarily harmful, HG can cause dehydration and weight loss, which could lead to complications. What Is Morning Sickness? Your Guide to Tackling This Irritating Symptom No one likes feeling nauseous, but it’s particularly frustrating when you’re feeling that way every day along with being pregnant. Unfortunately, the answer to “What is morning sickness?” is it’s one of the most common pregnancy symptoms. You have many options for treating it at home, but be sure to talk to a specialist if you feel and get sick constantly — they’ll give you specific advice that can provide relief.

After childbirth, you may experience fatigue and mood swings, along with a whole bunch of other fun symptoms. Thyroid issues after pregnancy, or postpartum thyroiditis, can cause added stress and discomfort to new mothers. The condition usually sets in during the first year after you give birth, miscarry or induce abortion. Researchers consider it a variety of Hashimoto's thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. Are You at Risk of Thyroid Issues After Pregnancy? If you’ve been pregnant in the past, you're at risk for developing postpartum thyroiditis. About 7 percent of women will develop the condition, and your risk increases if you have additional thyroid markers or conditions. A significant portion of women who suffer from Type 1 diabetes will also have postpartum thyroiditis, and more who have high anti-peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies will experience postpartum thyroiditis. Do you have a personal experience or family history with thyroid disorders? Do you have chronic viral hepatitis? These experiences and histories put you at risk for postpartum thyroiditis. How Does the Typical Course Run? Typically, the most common bout with postpartum thyroiditis is slight hypothyroidism that sets in eight weeks to six months after giving birth. Hypothyroidism resolves as the thyroid normalizes. Mild hyperthyroidism may set in as the second most common course four months after childbirth, and the third most common course involves a shuffle from mild hyperthyroidism to hypothyroidism until the thyroid normalizes. Even if your thyroid normalizes, you may later develop a chronic thyroid condition or get a goiter — that’s a larger-than-normal thyroid gland. Experience increases your risk. Postpartum Thyroid Symptoms to Look For Mileage may vary on the postpartum thyroiditis symptoms you experience during the hypothyroid and hyperthyroid phases, including, but not limited to: Lowered milk volume for breastfeeding moms Fatigue Hair loss Painless goiter Moodiness, anxiety and depression The hyperthyroid phase’s symptoms usually mean enduring milder forms of overall hyperthyroidism. Thyroid issues after pregnancy generally shows themselves through muscle weakness, mood swings, quick heartbeat, heart palpitations, anxiety, weight loss, tremor and diarrhea. The hypothyroid phase’s symptoms run the course of overall hypothyroidism. The same lovely handbasket can also include dry skin, sluggishness, trouble losing weight/weight gain, lowered body temperature, constipation and puffy face, eyes and hands. How Does Postpartum Thyroiditis Get Diagnosed? A doctor conducts various blood tests before reaching a diagnosis of postpartum thyroiditis. The hyperthyroid phase typically shows a low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and elevated thyroxine (T4). With hypothyroidism, TSH is high, and T3 and T4 vary from low-normal to low. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody levels likely show up high in most women who have postpartum thyroiditis, particularly in the hypothyroid stage. If the doctor does an ultrasound, you may see an enlarged thyroid gland. In addition to postpartum thyroiditis, post-pregnancy issues can also lead to Graves’ disease — which leads to hyperthyroidism. Postpartum hyperthyroidism is usually the more likely reason for hyperthyroidism, but the doctor will rule out possible Graves’ disease. Distinguishing factors of the latter include worse symptoms, more noticeable thyroid growth and eye issues. Sometimes, doctors use a test for non-breastfeeding mothers called a radioiodine uptake to tell the difference. Getting Treatment You typically don’t need treatment if you have postpartum thyroiditis during the hypothyroid or hyperthyroid phases. Mild symptoms and the condition resolve on their own, usually within a few months to a year after the baby’s birth. If hyperthyroidism symptoms prove uncomfortable, the doctor prescribes a beta-blocker like atenolol or propranolol. If you take these, your physician will advise you not to breastfeed. Antithyroid medication isn’t for hyperthyroid symptoms of postpartum thyroiditis. For significant symptoms of postpartum thyroiditis, doctors conduct thyroid hormone replacement. You typically use the medicine for six months to a year to clear up thyroid issues after pregnancy. You’ll get tested again to see if the condition vanished. After postpartum thyroiditis runs its course, you should always make your doctor aware of this medical history if planning to get pregnant again. You have an increased likelihood of developing postpartum thyroiditis again, as well as a goiter or hypothyroidism in later years. So, get your thyroid checked annually, along with everything else!